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Smoking and heart disease

Smoking is a major risk factor that contributes to a form of heart disease called cardiovascular disease, a major cause of death in Canada.

Cardiovascular disease is defined as diseases and injuries of the heart, the blood vessels of the heart and the system of blood vessels (veins and arteries) throughout the body and within the brain.

Although there are many aspects of this disease, the main problem is that the supply of oxygen and the necessary nutrients carried by our blood are constricted or blocked. This causes injury to our heart muscles.

Smoking, or even exposure to second-hand smoke, makes the heart work harder by:

* decreasing the oxygen carried in the blood - carbon monoxide and other gases replace oxygen with each inhalation of cigarette smoke;
* Increasing the heart rate - the heart beats faster to get more oxygen by accessing a greater volume of oxygen-poor blood;
* Decreasing the size of blood vessels - a buildup of fat deposits associated with nicotine and carbon monoxide makes blood vessels and arteries smaller which limits the blood supply to the heart.